Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a major and growing public health problem among the global population. Cardiac biomarkers are a promising tool for the early and specific detection of heart failure. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is one such cardiac biomarker released in response to ventricular myocyte stretch. Aim: The aim of the present study was to estimate the levels of plasma BNP in patients with stable chronic heart failure (CHF) and to compare them with controls. Further to correlate the relationship between plasma BNP levels and factors like age, gender and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), in the two groups. Materials and methods: A case-control study conducted in Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India consisting of 55 stable CHF patients on treatment and 35 controls. Serum creatinine was estimated adopting modified Jaffe's method. eGFR was calculated using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula. Plasma BNP levels were measured by ELISA. Results: The mean BNP concentration in patients with stable CHF was 60.46 ± 16.13 pg/mL, while in controls it was 20.94 ± 5.81pg/mL and the difference was highly significant (p= 0.001). As the age increases an increasing trend in the values of plasma BNP was observed in both groups. There was a strong negative linear relationship (r = -0.798) observed between LVEF and BNP levels in the study population. A cut-off level of 30.2pg/mL for plasma BNP had a 100% sensitivity and specificity to predict CHF. Conclusion: Our study concludes that plasma BNP was significantly higher in patients with stable chronic heart failure than in the controls. Plasma BNP as a biomarker will help in identifying stable CHF patients who are asymptomatic, on their adequacy of treatment.